#include<cstdio> //this includes the C stdio.h library
using namespace std;

// This program demonstrates the use of C input and output functions in C++
// These are preferred sometimes, due to ease of formatting

int main()
{

	//The C input function is scanf, the C output function is printf.
	//Both of these functions take a format string. Please refer to the slides for details on format strings.

	int num = 512;
	double val = 25.987;
	char ch = 'A';
	char str[50] = "Sample string";

	//to print, use the appropriate format string. printf doesn't accept endl. Use \n

	printf("Integer: %d\nFloat: %f\nChar: %c\nCString: %s\n",num,val,ch,str);
	// The type of the variable in the list must match its corresponding format string, or should be compatible.

	printf("Enter an integer, a float, a character and a string (single space separated)\n");

	//For reading, we need to pass in addresses, unless it is a cstring
	scanf("%d%lf %c%s",&num, &val, &ch, str); //While printing we can use %f for doubles, but while reading, %lf is preferred.
	//There is a space between the double and the char to make it ignore the whitespace while we input.
	
	//We can specify spacing in the format string
	printf("Integer: %6d\nFloat: %8.4f\nChar: %c\nCString: %s\n",num,val,ch,str);
	return 0;
}