/* This program demonstrates the use of void functions and global and local scope.
 * Void functions are those that don't return any value. The return tyoe for hese functions is "void".
 * Functions can also take no parameters. To do this, just open and close the parentheses on the argument list.
 * Global variables are variables that are delcared oustside any function.
 * Global variables are alive from their declaration until the end of the program.
 * Global variables are automatically intialized with the type appropriate null value. 0 for number types, '\0' for char, false for bool, etc.
 * Local variables are variables declared inside functions.
 * They are alive from their declaration until the next '}'
 * You can have global and local variables with the same name. The compiler looks for the most recent declaration of the name.
 * To force the compiler to look past thr most recent declaration, use the scope resolution operator ::
 */
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
// use void as a return type when a function doesn't return a value
// ideal for print functions
int value; //this is a global variable
void print(int lines)
{
	//This will kinda draw a cat
	cout<<"\t\\    /\\"<<endl;
       	cout<<"	)  ( ')"<<endl;
      	cout<<"	(  /  )"<<endl;
 	cout<<"	\\(__)|"<<endl;
	
	if(lines == 4)
		return; //Cat is 4 lines tall. No need to apologize.

	cout<<"This cat was supposed to be "<<lines<<" lines tall. Was aslo supposed to look like a cat. But we can't have everything. Oops"<<endl<<"Value is "<<value<<endl;
	
}
// returns square of a number
int square()
{
	int value; // This is a local variable
	cout<<"Enter a number ";
	cin>>value;
	return value*value; // This squares the local variable
	//return ::value*value; This would have multiplied the global variable with the local variable.
}

int main()
{
	print(4);// This will print cat without apology

	print(12);// This will print cat with apology
	
	cout<<"Enter a number: ";
	cin>>value; // Control look for local variable. finds none. So reads into global variable
	cout<<"The square is "<<value*value<<endl; //Prints square of gloable variable
	cout<<"The square is "<<square()<<endl;

	print(34);// Will print cat with apology, with the changed global variable value.
	return 0;
}